The Difference Between Single, Double, and Triple Convolution Air Springs
Air bellows are flexible components filled with air, used for vibration isolation, load support, and motion control in various industrial applications. The distinction between single, double, and triple convolution air bellows is based on the number of folds or “convolutions” in the air bellow’s design.
Design and Construction:
- Consist of a single bellows with one convolution (fold).
- Simple design with fewer components and a compact size.
Technical Characteristics:
- Load Capacity: Suitable for lighter loads.
- Stroke Length: Limited vertical movement due to the single convolution.
- Spring Rate: Higher than double and triple convolutions, resulting in a higher natural frequency.
- Vibration Isolation: Less effective at isolating lower frequencies.
- Flexibility: Limited flexibility due to fewer convolutions.
Applications:
- Ideal for light industrial machinery, instruments, and equipment where limited movement and space are available.
Design and Construction:
- Have two convolutions, meaning the bellows has two folds.
- Offer a balance between flexibility and strength.
Technical Characteristics:
- Load Capacity: Higher than single convolution, suitable for medium-duty loads.
- Stroke Length: Greater vertical movement and flexibility than single convolution.
- Spring Rate: Lower than single but higher than triple convolution, with a moderate natural frequency.
- Vibration Isolation: More effective at isolating a wider range of vibration frequencies.
- Flexibility: Moderate flexibility accommodating more movement and misalignment.
Applications:
- Suitable for industrial machinery, vehicle suspensions, and systems requiring more movement and better vibration isolation than single convolution can provide.
Design and Construction:
- Consist of three convolutions with three folds in the bellows.
- Most flexible with the longest stroke length.
Technical Characteristics:
- Load Capacity: Highest capacity, suitable for heavy loads.
- Stroke Length: Maximum vertical movement and flexibility.
- Spring Rate: Lowest among the three types, resulting in the lowest natural frequency.
- Vibration Isolation: Excellent at isolating low frequencies and damping shocks.
- Flexibility: High flexibility accommodating significant movement and misalignment.
Applications:
- Ideal for heavy industrial applications such as presses, heavy machinery, and equipment requiring maximum vibration isolation and movement.
| Characteristic | Single Convolution | Double Convolution | Triple Convolution |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Convolutions: |
1 |
2 |
3 |
|
Load Capacity: |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Stroke Length: |
Limited |
Moderate |
Long |
|
Spring Rate: |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
Natural Frequency: |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
Vibration Isolation: |
Minimal |
Good |
Excellent |
|
Flexibility: |
Limited |
Moderate |
High |
|
Applications: |
Light loads, limited space |
Medium-duty industrial applications |
Heavy machinery, maximum isolation
|
- When to Use: When space is limited and load requirements are low. Suitable for applications where minimal movement and vibration isolation are acceptable.
- When to Use: For applications requiring a balance between load capacity and flexibility. Ideal for medium-duty machinery and equipment with moderate vibration isolation needs.
- When to Use: When maximum stroke length, flexibility, and vibration isolation are required. Suitable for heavy industrial applications and equipment subject to significant shocks and vibrations.
The primary difference between single, double, and triple convolution air bellows lies in the number of convolutions, which directly affects their technical performance. The number of convolutions determines the load capacity, stroke length, spring rate, and vibration isolation capability of the air bellow. By selecting the appropriate convolution type, you can optimize performance for your specific application, ensuring longer equipment lifespan and reliability.
Note: It is essential to evaluate the specific requirements of your application and, if necessary, consult a technical specialist at TEVEMA for advice on the most suitable air spring solution.